（江苏专用）2019_2020学年高中英语Unit2TheenvironmentPeriodFiveGrammar—Verb__ingformasanadjectiveoradverb.pptx

,,,,,The environment,Unit 2,,,,,PART 1,语法导学,PART 2,达标检测,Period Five Grammar—Verb-­ing form as an adjective oradverb & Verb­-ing phrases,,PART1,,语法导学,,,感悟规律 重点难点剖析,感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题,◆语法感知,以上各句中的黑体部分在句中充当的成分不尽相同。黑体部分在第1,4,6句中作_____；在第2,3,5句中作__________；在第7句中作表语；在第8句中作___________。,查看答案,状语,后置定语,宾语补足语,一、现在分词的概念 现在分词是非谓语动词形式的一种，通常由“动词原形＋ing”构成。现在分词既有动词的性质，本身可以带宾语或状语；又有形容词的性质，可以作定语、表语。 例如： They went to the park，singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。(singing and talking与went同时发生)(一般式) Having done his homework，he played basketball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。(having done发生在played basketball之前)(完成式),◆语法精析,二、现在分词的时态和语态,The students came in，following the teacher. 学生们跟着老师进来了。 The question being discussed is very difficult for us to deal with. 现在正在讨论的问题对我们来说很难处理。 Having finished their work，they went home. 完成工作后，他们就回家了。 Having been shown around the Bird’s Nest，we were taken to see the Water Cube. 被领着参观了鸟巢之后，我们又被带着去看了水立方。,三、现在分词的句法功能 1.作定语 现在分词作定语，表示动作发生的时间有两种：一种是表示正在进行的动作，变为从句时需要用进行时态；另一种是表示经常性的动作或现在的状态，变为从句时用一般时态，被修饰词与动词之间是主动关系。 The people operating these factories shouldn’t hide from their responsibilities for the environment. 管理这些工厂的人们不应该逃避对环境应负的责任。,[学法点拨] 现在分词作定语的位置：单个的现在分词作定语，往往放在被修饰词之前；现在分词短语作定语，一般要放在被修饰词的后面。若被修饰词是something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词，现在分词要放在被修饰词的后面。 The girl has pale skin and dark，flowing hair. 这个姑娘皮肤白皙，黑发飘飘。 The spokeswoman speaking at the press conference is my classmate. 在新闻发布会上发言的那位女发言人是我的同学。 There’s nothing interesting in the circus act. 这次马戏团表演毫无趣味。,[误区警示] 被修饰词与动词之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，而被修饰词与动词之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式。 This is an amusement park built by those workers. 这是一家由那些工人建的游乐场。(amusement park与build之间是被动关系),2.作表语 现在分词作表语对主语起修饰限制作用，多表示主语所具有的特征。 The old man’s childhood experiences are moving. 这位老人的童年经历很感人。 Travelling worldwide is interesting but tiring. 周游世界是有趣的，但也是令人疲劳的。 He admitted the argument was very convincing. 他承认这个论点很有说服力。,3.作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语，其逻辑主语是宾语。感官动词和have，get，keep等都可以接现在分词作宾语补足语。 The twins had the light burning all night long. 这对双胞胎一整夜都让灯亮着。 I heard Tom arguing with someone else，swearing from time to time. 我听到汤姆和另外一个人争吵着，时不时地说着脏话。,4.作状语 现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。此时现在分词是对谓语动词表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，也就是说现在分词表示的是比较次要的动作，是对谓语动词表示的动作或状态的补充说明，但它们表示的动作(或状态)是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或进行)的。 (1)作时间状语 Hearing the result(＝When I heard the result)，I couldn’t help jumping. 听到这个结果，我不禁跳了起来。 (2)作原因状语 Not knowing English(＝As he didn’t know English)，he couldn’t understand the film. 由于不懂英语，他看不懂这部电影。,(3)作结果状语 It snowed heavily last night，thus causing the traffic problems today(＝as a result we have the traffic problems today). 昨晚下大雪，从而导致了今天的交通问题。 (4)作条件状语 Turning to the left(＝If you turn to the left)，you will see the post office. 如果你往左拐，就会看见邮局。 (5)作伴随状语 The man sat there，reading the newspaper(＝and was reading the newspaper). 那位男士坐在那儿，在看报。,四、现在分词的完成式 现在分词的完成式(having done)表示该动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。 Having cut back on production，the company decided to reduce the staff. 在减产后，该公司决定裁员。 Having paused for a while，the consultant continued his talk. 在停顿了一会儿后，这位顾问继续他的谈话。 Having accepted his apology，I forgave him. 在接受了他的道歉后，我原谅了他。,[拓展] 现在分词的完成被动式(having been done)表示该动作是先于谓语动词发生的被动动作。 Having been injured by the machine，I was more cautious about operating it. 在被机器弄伤后，我对操作机器更加谨慎了。,五、连词＋现在分词 when，while，if，though，as，once，until，whether，unless，where等连词可以直接跟现在分词作状语，相当于由这些连词所引导的时间、条件、让步、地点等状语从句。这时现在分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。 While listening to the debate(＝While he was listening to the debate)，he made notes. 在听辩论的时候，他做了笔记。 When quarrelling with others(＝When you are quarrelling with others)，don’t swear. 当跟别人吵架时，不要说脏话。 If talking about the topic(＝If you are talking about the topic)，you should do it in a friendly manner.如果你们在谈论该话题，就应该用一种友好的方式进行。,[拓展] “连词＋过去分词”也可以作状语，这时表示被动的动作。 The consultant will not attend the meeting even if invited (＝even if he is invited). 即使受到邀请，那个顾问也不会参会。,六、现在分词的否定式 现在分词的否定式就是在其前面加not。 Not knowing how to respond to her email，he had to pause and think for a while. 由于不知道如何回复她的电子邮件，他不得不停下来想一会儿。 Not having finished her homework on time，the little girl had to make an apology to her teacher. 小女孩没按时完成作业，不得不向老师道歉。,1.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period， the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.(2018· 江苏，26) A.having exceeded B.to exceed C.exceeded D.exceeding,◆高考链接,√,答案,解析,解析 句意为：在这段时期创造了大约13 500个新工作，超过了市场分析师认为的12 000个的预期数量。were created是谓语，因此exceed只能用非谓语动词形式作伴随状语。 A项having exceeded表示exceed的动作发生在were created之前，不符合语境； B项to exceed不能作伴随状语； C项exceeded表示主语与exceed之间为被动关系，也不符合语境。故选D。,2.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment， more patients to be treated.(2017·天津，14) A.being allowed B.allowing C.having allowed D.allowed 解析 句意为：医院最近获得了新医疗设备，从而使更多的病人能够得到治疗。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语，故选B项。,√,答案,解析,3.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students. (2016·浙江，19) A.working B.work C.to work D.worked 解析 句意为：航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。题干中的do指代前面的have fun，have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心，是固定搭配，故选A。,√,答案,解析,4.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it live is quite another.(2015·浙江，18) A.perform B.performing C.to perform D.being performed 解析 句意为：在家听音乐是一回事，去听现场演奏的音乐完全是另外一回事。题干中含有“hear＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语it(指代music)与perform之间存在被动关系，且此处表示去现场听正在被演奏的音乐，故应用being performed作宾语补足语。,√,答案,解析,5. for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015·天津，8) A.To work B.Worked C.To be working D.Having worked 解析 句意为：工作了两天后，史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。动词work与句子主语Steve之间为主动关系，故要用现在分词形式；同时work的动作发生在谓语动词managed to finish之前，故要用完成时。,√,答案,解析,6.Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way the sun and the stars. (2015·重庆，11) A.used B.having used C.using D.use 解析 句意为：就像古时候的水手一样，鸟能利用太阳和星星找到它们的路。根据语境，use与其句中隐含的逻辑主语birds之间为主动关系，故用v.-­ing形式的一般式，在句中作伴随状语，表示与find同时发生。,√,答案,解析,7.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground， whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南，30) A.wondering B.wonder C.to wonder D.wondered 解析 句意为：那名店员看到一张友善的脸，脸上因歉意的微笑布满了皱纹，这时她愣在了那里，琢磨着是走还是留。句子的主语she与wonder之间是主动关系，且wonder与主句谓语stood是同时发生的，故用现在分词作伴随状语。,√,答案,解析,8.In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared， the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”.(2015·福建，33) A.combine B.combined C.combining D.being combined 解析 句意为：最近几年，一个英语单词“infosphere”出现了，它是把“information”和“atmosphere”两个词的意思结合在了一起。combine和其逻辑主语word是主动关系。,√,答案,解析,,PART2,,达标检测,,,当堂检测 基础达标演练,1._________(follow) the teacher’s suggestion，Tom finally found a way to settle the problem. 2.Recently a survey __________(compare) prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused a heated debate among citizens. 3._________(gather) around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people. 4.The number of farmers with Internet access has dramatically increased，_________(change) the way farmers do business. 5.________________(ask) to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film. 6.He sent me an e-­mail，_______(hope) to keep in touch with me.,Following,comparing,Gathering,changing,hoping,Having been asked,查看答案,,Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空,7.Many major problems _________(remain) to be solved，they have to make a discussion detailedly. 8.Suddenly，a tall man seized the girl and took her away，____________ (disappear) into the woods. 9.Alexia，_______________(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. 10._________________(not，catch) the last bus，he was late and was the last one to get to the destination.(2018·淮安清江中学高二期中),remaining,disappearing,having struggled,Not having caught,查看答案,11.The girl left home after quarreling with her parents，___________________ ________. 这个女孩和父母吵架以后就离开了家，这让她父母很担心。 12.Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old temple ______________ the eleventh century. 每年，这座古老的庙宇都会吸引很多游客来参观。它的历史可以追溯到11世纪。 13.The music of the film played by him _________________. 由他所弹奏的电影音乐听起来很令人兴奋。,making them quite,worried,dating back to,sounds so exciting,查看答案,,Ⅱ.完成句子,14.Soon they could see the steam __________ the wet clothes. 很快他们就看见蒸汽从湿衣服里冒出来。 15.____________ in New York for years，I know each part of it well. 由于住在纽约多年，我对这里的每一处都很熟悉。,rising from,Having lived,查看答案,16.When you look around the ancient city walls，you can see some signs of the ancient civilization. →_________________________________，you can see some signs of the ancient civilization. 17.The ancestors of that great nationality built thick high walls around their city，because they wanted to keep their enemies and cold northwest wind away. →The ancestors of that great nationality built thick high walls around their city，_______________ their enemies and cold northwest wind away.,Looking around the ancient city walls,wanting to keep,,Ⅲ.用非谓语动词改写句子,查看答案,