2020年高考英语必考点专题16阅读理解之细节理解题和词义猜测题（高效演练）（含解析）.doc

专题 16 阅读理解之细节理解题和词义猜测题——高效演练AAn exciting landing process of Chang e-4 lunar probe (月球探测器 ) was seen through the monitor at Beijing Aerospace Control Center in Beijing, Jan. 3, 2019. It touched down on the far side of the moon at 10:26 a.m. Beijing Time, becoming the first spacecraft soft-landing on the moon s unknown side never visible from Earth.China s Chang e-4 probe has started the exploration on the far side of the moon thanks to the relay satellite that provides a communication link with ground control. The relay satellite, named Queqiao, meaning Magpie Bridge, after a Chinese legend (传说 ) , was launched on May 21, 2018, and became the first communication satellite operating in the halo orbit, nearly 500,000 km from the earth. It can also provide communication for probes from other countries. The relay satellite will also be used for scientific and technological experiments. The maximum distance between the satellite and the Chang e-4 probe on the far side of the moon is 79,000 km. The satellite processes data from the probe and sends it to Earth.The satellite can stay in its orbit for a long time due to its relatively low fuel consumption, as the earth s and moon s gravity balances its orbital moving. While in orbit, it can “see“ both the earth and the far side of the moon.The concept of using a relay satellite in the halo orbit was first put forward by U.S. space experts in the 1960s, but was realized by Chinese space engineers.Researchers hope to use the cameras on the satellite to record asteroids (小行星 ) hitting the far side of the moon. To control the cost of the Chang e-4 probe, the relay satellite was designed to be relatively small, weighing about 400 kg.Researchers had just 30 months to develop the satellite, putting them under high pressure. To promote public interest in space exploration, the China National Space Administration invited people to write down their wishes for lunar and space exploration, and the relay satellite carries the names of tens of thousands of participants and their messages.这是一篇应用文。文章报道了北京时间 2019年 1月 3日 10时 26分，我国嫦娥四号探测器成功登陆月球背面，并通过“鹊桥”中继卫星传回了世界第一张近距离拍摄的月背影像图。1. What do we learn from the second paragraph?A. The relay satellite was launched on Jan. 3, 2019.B. Chang e-4 probe was the first communication satellite.C. The relay satellite only explores the far side of the moon.D. The relay satellite can handle data from Chang e-4 probe.【答案】【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的 The satellite processes data from the probe and sends it to Earth.可知，中继卫星可以处理来自嫦娥四号探测器的数据。故选 D。2. Why was the size of the relay satellite relatively small?A. To reduce the cost as much as possible.B. To make it circle Moon for a longer time.C. To avoid being crashed by other satellites.D. To follow American space experts advice.’【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 To control the cost of the Chang e-4 probe, the relay satellite was designed to be relatively small, weighing about 400 kg.可知，中继卫星的尺寸相对较小是为了节约成本，故选 A。3. What made researchers suffer from great stress?A. Few people interested in the exploration on the moon.B. The relay satellite carrying too much equipment.C. Their lacking enough time to develop the relay satellite.D. People s never being optimistic about the relay satellite.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Researchers had just 30 months to develop the satellite, putting them under high pressure. 可知，研究者们压力很大是因为他们只有 30个月的时间开发这个卫星，即缺乏时间，故选 C。4. What is the main idea of the text?A. China is a new space power after the USA.B. Chang e-4 probe lands on Moon s far side.C. Chinese space engineers make much progress.D. Space exploration is a dangerous challenge.【答案】 B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要报道了嫦娥四号探测器成功登陆月球，文章介绍了卫星在月球登陆的情况，因此，本文的主要内容是嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆。故选 B。BWith its snow-covered mountains and a variety of wildlife, Yellow Stone National Park is one of the scenic treasures of the United States. Located primarily in Wyoming, the park hosts millions of visitors every year. If you plan to travel within the park, keep in mind advice from the National Park Service.Seasonal TravelTravel varies vastly from season to season. Roads are generally open in the summer except for cases of rock or mud slides, wild fires, accidents or road construction. Early snows in the fall can cause some roads to close temporarily. In the winter almost all roads are closed to motor vehicles, but snowmobiles and other snow vehicles with tracks are allowed. Roads begin to open for the spring by the latter part of April but can close if snowfall continues.Driving TimeGrand Loop is the main road through Yellowstone National Park; it passes by most of the major attractions. These include Old Faithful, Yellowstone Lake and the Grand Canyon of Yellowstone. The maximum speed limit on the Grand Loop is 45 miles per hour, but the speed limit drops during some of the winding and twisting sections of this narrow road. Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic.Safety AwarenessBuffalo(水牛)often block the roads in the park as they move through the fields. If a group is traveling across the road you are on, you can either wait for them to pass or find an alternative route. If you get out of your vehicle, the National Park Service says to stay at least 25 yards from any buffalo (and 100 yards or more away from bears and wolves). Buffalo are particularly unpredictable and charge people at speeds up to 30 mph.You can take your bicycle on any public roads and routes designed for bikes, but bicycles are not allowed on the park roads which are narrow with few shoulders. Altitudes range from 5, 300 to 8, 860 feet. The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国国家公园管理局给出的游览黄石国家公园的建议。5. What do we know about travelling in the Yellowstone Park?A. Roads will stay open in case of emergency.B. Traffic jam happens from time to time.C. The driving speed on the road can be 50 mph.D. Motor vehicles are allowed in the winter.【答案】 B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Driving Time部分中的“Allow yourself at least two days to fully travel the loop due to the size of the park and being sometimes stuck in heavy traffic.”可知，考虑到交通拥挤，给自己至少两天时间来完成环行，由此可知，黄石公园的交通堵塞时有发生，故 B项正确。6. What does the National Park Service suggest people do about safety?A. Stay inside the car throughout the travel.B. Get out of their vehicles when coming across the Buffalo.C. Wear the easy-to-see clothes while bicycling.D. Avoid bicycling on the public roads.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Safety Awareness部分中的“The National Park Service recommends cyclists wear helmets and noticeable clothing.”可知，美国国家公园管理局建议骑自行车游览公园的人戴头盔和穿醒目的衣服，故 C项正确。7. From which is the text probably taken?A. A guidebook.B. A commercial advertisement.C. A research paper.D. A geography textbook.【答案】 A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家公园管理局给出的游览黄石国家公园的建议，属于旅游范畴，最有可能出自旅游指南，故 A项正确。CIf you live in Washington, D. C., or Redwood, Calif., you may have glimpsed a small, boxy robot rolling along a local sidewalk, minding its own business, but attracting the attention of many a curious onlooker.The robots, which look like electric rice cookers with wheels, were part of a pilot program last year by Starship Technologies focused on delivering meals from local restaurants in dozens of cities around the world.This week, the company revealed plans to broaden it’s delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it “the world’s first robot package delivery service”. The package delivery service is only available in some cities in the US.The wheeled robots have a top speed of 4 mph and and can detect barriers from as far as 30 feet away. “The robot can operate through just about anything,” says Nick Handrick, head of operations for Starship’s D. C. office, “If you have something in the way, it’s able to climb it.” By giving customers control of when deliveries occur, Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a way to combat package theft.To sign up for the service, which costs a little more than $10 per month, customers need to download the company’s app. Customers then create a “Starship Delivery Address,” a unique address inside a Starship facility, instead of a home address, where they can have packages sent from places such as Amazon. com.Once a package is delivered to the Starship address, customers receive a text notice that allows them to schedule a home delivery via robot. The robots are opened by customers with a mobile phone code (代码).这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲了在美国的一些城市，包裹可以由机器人运送了。8. What do we know about Starship Technologies company?A. Packages are delivered by its robots all round America.B. Its robots have taken on package delivery for a long time.C. It is the first to provide robot package delivery service.D. Its delivery service is the best of all in the world.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段 This week, the company revealed plans to broaden it’s delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it “the world’s first robot paokage delivery service”.（本周，该公司公布了将送货服务从食品扩展到包裹的计划，此举使其成为“世界上第一家送货机器人” 。 ）由此可知星际飞船技术公司是第一家提供机器人包裹递送服务的公司，故选 C。9. What does the underlined word “combat” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Delay. B. Prevent.C. Report. D. Discover.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。上文 By giving customers control of when deliveries occur说通过让客户控制何时发货，推断出下文 Starship Technologies is promoting its service as a way to combat package theft.的意思是星际飞船技术公司正在推广其服务，作为一种打击包裹盗窃的方式。Combat 意思是“阻止” ，A. Delay.延期；B. Prevent.阻止；C. Report.报告；D. Discover.发现，故选 B。10. What can we learn about robot package delivery service?A. Customers can’t open the robots without a mobile phone code.B. Starship Delivery Address is the customer’s home address.C. Customers have to pay a little more than $10 each time.D. Robots themselves have control over when to deliver packages.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段 The robots are opened by customers with a mobile phone code (这些机器人由顾客用手机代码打开)，由此可知没有手机密码，顾客无法打开机器人，故选 A。11. What may be the best title for the passage?A. Robot Delivery Service Is Taking OffB. Humans Are Being Replaced by RobotsC. Everything Can Be Done by RobotsD. Packages Can Be Delivered by Robots【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。第三段 This week, the company revealed plans to broaden it’s delivery service beyond food to include packages, a move that made it “the world’s first robot package delivery service”.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了在美国的一些城市，包裹可以由机器人运送了，故选 D。DWhat were you like as a teenager? I was a nightmare. I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made lots of bad decisions. Apparently, this is the age when teenagers are out of control and behave badly. Maybe，if you’re a teenager now, you think this is unfair criticism or it’s not your fault. Well, you might be right!Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to blame. Between the ages of approximately 13 to 19—a period known as adolescence—the brain is still developing in areas that control behavior. This has an influence on learning and multitasking(同时做多件事情), stress and memory, sleep, addiction, and decision-making. For parents, these consequences often manifest themselves in a variety of behaviors that they may have previously blamed on hormones or just moodiness(喜怒无常).This is quite a new discovery, according to Professor Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, who, speaking on the BBC radio program The Life Scientific, says, “when I was at university, the dogma(教条) in the text books was that the vast majority of brain development goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much changes after mid-childhood. That dogma is completely false.”According to Professor Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, students’ not being able to get their homework done on time has something to do with our prefrontal cortex—that’s the part of our brain right at the front, just behind the forehead. She says, “it’s involved in a whole range of very high-level cognitive(认知的) tasks such as decision making and planning—we know that this region is undergoing very large amounts of development during the adolescent years.” This is the part of the brain, mainly involved in planning, and, for a teenager, this hasn’t developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can come as a bit of a challenge.I wish I’d known about this because instead of telling my teacher I’d left my homework on the bus or that the dog had eaten it. Now I could say, “Sorry sir, my brain isn’t developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework.”本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍关于青少年大脑的新发现。12. What is the main idea of the text?A. The growing pains of teenagers.B. The dogma in the text hooks was false.C. A new discovery about the teenager’s brain.D. The students’ new challenge of doing their homework.【答案】 C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中 Experts have found that it’s a teenager’s brain that is to blame. Between the ages of approximately 13 to 19—a period known as adolescence—the brain is still developing in areas that control behavior.可知，本文介绍关于青少年大脑的新发现。故选 C。13. According to the author, why is it a bit of challenge for students to do their homework?A. The students are moody.B. Hormones are to blame.C. There is too much homework.D. The brains of the students haven’t been developed.【答案】 D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中 This is the part of the brain, mainly involved in planning, and, for a teenager, this hasn’t developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can come as a bit of a challenge.可知，根据作者的观点，因为学生们的大脑还没有发育好所以做作业对学生来说有点挑战性。故选 D。14. What does the underlined word manifest mean?A. Develop. B. Show.C. Abandon. D. Experience.【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中 For parents, these consequences often manifest themselves in a variety of behaviors that they may have previously blamed on hormones or just moodiness(喜怒无常).“对于父母来说，这些后果常常表现在各种各样的行为上，他们之前可能把这些行为归咎于激素或情绪低落” 。由此推知划线词的意思是“显示” 。故选 B。15. What can we know from the text?A. The vast majority of brain doesn’t develop after mid-childhood.B. All of the students are nightmares for parents during adolescence.C. Prefrontal cortex is undergoing large amounts of development during childhood.D. The prefrontal cortex has something to do with many high-level cognitive tasks.【答案】 D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中 students’ not being able to get their homework done on time has something to do with our prefrontal cortex—that’s the part of our brain right at the front, just behind the forehead.可知，前额皮质与许多高级认知任务有关。故选 D。EAt 88, my grandmother Vera has dementia and barely recognizes me. But I’m determined to help her age with dignity and grace in her home for as long as she can.Since 2015, I’ve been a manager at Honor, a technology company that uses a website and an app to pair professional caregivers (we call them Care Pros) with loved ones who need a hand. I want to make sure we are offering all our clients (客户), including my grandmother, a service that is affordable, with people who are reliable, diverse and skilled. On Sundays. Amy, my grandmother’s most-loved Honor professional caregiver, comes over to get her dressed for church. She loves the time she spends with Amy. That’s the best gift I can give her and the best gift I can give myself. Care giving can exhaust a family emotionally and physically. At Honor, we’re trying to create something that makes it easier for women to be moms, daughters, and sisters all at once. That’s why this company was built.What sets Honor apart from other care giving services is that we’re equally focused on treating the Care Pros well. We pay higher-than-average rates and they can get health benefits and sick leave. Most of our Care Pros are women, and a lot of them arc single mothers. The technology behind our app allows Care Pros to set parameters (参数) based on when, where, and how much they want to work so they can control their schedules. The company also allows continuity of care. Each Care Pro notes in the caregivers’ app how the client is feeling or what should happen on the following shift. That way, the client’s family can stay up to date on their loved one’s health.When I was working with my team at Honor, I wanted to create opportunities for people who looked like me. I’m proud to say that there are single moms and other women without traditional educational training who lead teams here. The makeup of this company proves that people with diverse backgrounds can be part of a successful tech company. This has to be a model for the future.I’m confident it will happen.本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述老年照顾者的重要性以及 Honor公司。Honor 是一家科技公司，它通过一个网站和一个应用程序，将专业护理人员(我们称之为护理专业人员)与需要帮助的亲人配对。Honor 与其他护理服务的区别在于，我们同样注重善待护理专业人士。我们支付高于平均水平的工资，他们可以享受健康福利和病假。16. The author mentions Amy to _______.A. share a precious memoryB. advocate caring for the elderlyC. show the importance of caregiversD. inform the readers of a touching story【答案】 C【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 I want to make sure we are offering all our clients (客户), including my grandmother, a service that is affordable, with people who are reliable, diverse and skilled. On Sundays. Amy, my grandmother’s most-loved Honor professional caregiver, comes over to get her dressed for church. She loves the time she spends with Amy.“我想要确保我们为所有的客户，包括我的祖母，提供一项负担得起的服务，而且要有可靠、多样化和熟练的员工。在星期天。艾米，我祖母最喜欢的荣誉职业护理员，过来给她穿上去教堂的衣服。她喜欢和艾米在一起的时光。 ”可知，作者提到 Amy是为了说明老年照顾者的重要性。故选 C。17. Which of the following about Honor is true?A. It allows flexible working schedules.B. It gives higher salary and more paid leave.C. It mainly employs single mothers and males.D. It matches caregivers with clients at random.【答案】 A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中 The technology behind our app allows Care Pros to set parameters (参数) based on when, where, and how much they want to work so they can control their schedules.“我们的应用程序背后的技术允许医护人员根据时间、地点和工作量来设置参数，这样他们就可以控制自己的日程安排。 ”可知，它允许灵活的工作时间安排。故选 A。18. What does the underlined part “stay up to date” probably mean?A. Go to bed later than usual.B. Get the latest information.C. Attend to somebody at fixed time.D. Accompany somebody day and night.【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中 Each Care Pro notes in the caregivers’ app how the client is feeling or what should happen on the following shift. That way, the client’s family can stay up to date on their loved one’s health.“每个护理专业人员都会在护理人员的应用程序中记录下客户的感受，以及接下来轮班时应该发生什么。这样，客户的家人就可以随时了解他们所爱的人的健康状况。 ”由此推知划线词的意思是“获取最新信息” 。故选 B。19. The last paragraph intends to tell us that _______.A. women are able to hold up half the skyB. success has nothing to do with educationC. Honor will probably have a better futureD. people with diverse backgrounds will be a model【答案】 C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 The makeup of this company proves that people with diverse backgrounds can be part of a successful tech company. This has to be a model for the future.“这家公司的构成证明，拥有不同背景的人可以成为一家成功科技公司的一部分。这必须成为未来的模式。 ”和最后一段 I’m confident it will happen.“我相信这将会发生。 ”可知，最后一段意在告诉我们，Honor 可能会有一个更好的未来。故选 C。FMany managers believe that overworking is an evidence of devotion from their employees side. Still few others regard this custom as a threat to the workers work－life balance, which may negatively influence the level of productivity and efficiency.Employees at Amsterdam design studio Heldergroen won t be putting in much overtime. Not in the office, at any rate. That s because every day at 6 pm, their desks, tables and other work surfaces, with their computers attached, are lifted to the ceiling by steel cables(钢索) normally used to move heavy props (道具) in theatrical productions. If you leave a half－eaten sandwich on your desk, you re out of luck.“Once the chairs and other workplace __paraphernalia__ are cleared away, the space is free for everything and weekend use as a dance floor, yoga studio. or anything else you can think of－ the floor is actually yours， ” director Sander Veenendaal said.In a way, the office space itself is working overtime for Heldergroen, bringing about lots of publicity and carrying an enlightened (开明的) message of career－life balance far and wide. “We think that doing activities like this makes it easier for people to work here， ” says Veenendaal. “You know when it is time to relax or do something else that inspires you.”That sounds awesome. There s just one catch. In the morning, the desks reappear and everybody has to go back to work.20.What can we learn about the employees at Heldergroen？ A．They are unwilling to work late.B．They are discouraged from working overtime.C．They are persuaded to leave the office earlier.D．They are to put away their computers after work.【答案】 B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Employees at Amsterdam design studio Heldergroen won t be putting in much overtime. Not in the office, at any rate.”再结合整段内容可以知道的办公场所下班后就被清场了，该公司不让员工加班。故 B正确。 21.What does the underlined word “paraphernalia” in Paragraph 3 refer to？ A．Props. B．Food.xk*wC．Equipment. D．Cables.【答案】C【解析】 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的 “Once the chairs and other workplace __paraphernalia__”可推知，此处的 paraphernalia和椅子一样，属于办公设备，故选C。equipment“设备，装备” 。22.What does the author think of the Heldergroen s office design？ A．Creative. B．Inconvenient.C．Ordinary. D．Strange.【答案】A【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句以及最后一段的第一句“That sounds awesome”可推知，作者对这家公司的办公室设计很是称赞，故选 A。GAmerican real estate (房地产 ) tycoon Donald Trump, whose election as US president surprised many around the world, has been unsurprisingly named Time magazine s “Person of the Year” for 2016.Trump said while responding to the news, “It means a lot, especially me growing up reading Time magazine. And it s a very important magazine, and I ve been lucky enough to be on the cover many times this year——and last year. But I consider this a very, very great honor.”Trump has long been __obsessed_with__ having his face on the cover of magazines, something that happened more and more often as he won early polls, then Republican primaries, then the nomination, then the presidency. Trump keeps piles of these magazines in his office and with this mindset, Time s “Person of the Year became Trump s long－cherished wish.Although the magazine featured Trump several times on its cover, it passed on naming him Person of the Year for 2015. Instead, it selected German Chancellor Angela Merkel, whom the magazine credited with opening her nation s border to hundreds of thousands of refugees (难民) and managing Europe s debt crisis. Trump did not take that news well. “I told you @ TIME Magazine would never pick me as Person of the Year in spite of being the big favorite. They picked the person who is ruining Germany， ” he said on Twitter soon after the news was announced.Time managing editor Nancy Gibbs said that the decision in 2016 was easy. This title goes to a newsmaker who has influenced events for better or for worse. “When have we ever seen a single individual who has so defied (违背) expectations. beaten not one but two political parties on the way to winning an election. I don t think that we have ever seen one person, operating in such an unconventional way, have an impact on the events of the year quite like this， ” Gibbs said.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是 Trump多次登上《时代周刊》封面，且终于被授予《时代周刊》的 2016“年度人物” 。23.What do Trump s words suggest？ A．Luck is on his side.B．He deserves the award.C．He feels proud of the award.D．Time has a good effect on him.解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It means a lot.and I vIeen l’cky enough to be on the cover many times this year—and last year.But I consider this a very，very great honor”可知 Trump对《时代周刊》评价很高，并认为此次他被评为《时代周刊》的 2016“年度人物”对他来说是一个莫大的荣幸。故选 C项。24.Which can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in Paragraph 3？ A．accustomed to B．angry aboutC．tired of D．addicted to解析：考查词义猜测。根据下文中的“Troump keeps piles of these magazines in his office and with this mindset，Time’s‘Person of the Year’ became Trump’s long－cherished wish”可知 Trump对登上杂志封面着迷(be addicted to)。25.What can we infer from Paragraph 4？ A．Merkel ruined Germany.B．Merkel was “Person of the Year” for 2015.C．Trump thought well of Merkel.D．Trump won “Person of the Year” twice.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Although the magazine featured Trump several times on its cover, it passed on naming him Person of the Year for 2015. Instead, it selected German Chancellor Angela Merkel, ”可知，虽然 Trump多次出现在«时代周刊»上，但是 2015年«时代周刊»选了 Merkel作为年度人物，而不是 Trump。所以排除 D，选 B。 26.Why was Trump elected as Time s “Person of the Year” for 2016？ A．He’s been on its cover many times.B．He is the newly elected president.C．He is the favorite of the magazine.D．He was highly influential in the year.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This title goes to a newsmaker who has influenced events for better or for worse. ‘When have we ever seen a single individual who has so defied(违背)expectations…have an impact on the events of the year quite like this， ’”可知，Trump在 2016年有极大的影响力，这是其当选 2016“年度人物”的原因所在。故选 D。HWhat are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may __put_them_on_hold__. There s a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)．On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the not－so－distant year of 2037, the igloo－shaped structure could be the home of your future.It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisable—kitchen, bedroom—but there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth s, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won t have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double air－locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.“We don t think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre， ” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We ll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci－fi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars， ” Petranek says.“We ve had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven t had the will， ” Petranek says. “But two main factors have completely swung public attitudes.” The private companies participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society s eye.27.What can we know about the show home from the text？ A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern.B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection.C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. ”可以知道，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识，故 B正确。 28.What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？A．Put them off. B．Give them away.C．Carry them through. D．Take them seriously.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句“There s a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)”可推知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成为可能，故选 A。29.According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars？A．The great influence of Mars show home.B．The development of related technology.C．The competition from private companies.D．The popularity of influential books on Mars.【答案】C【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “The private companies participation has forced government agencies to up their game”可推知，Petranek 认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程，故选 C。30.What is the best title for the text？A．Living on Mars: Possible or NotB．Sending People to Mars: Yes or NoC．First Ever Show Home: How Is It MadeD．Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be like【答案】D【解析】 标题判断题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍，故选 D。ISome people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or open－air museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus first voyage to the New World, the Nina, a Columbus－era replica (复制品 ) ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus favorite ship from over 500 years ago.I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores, Alabama, in February 2013. As part of a research project sponsored by my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school－age children. The field－trip tour of the Nina is hands－on learning at its best. In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone(压舱石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus days. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time. I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process.The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example, allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s. Historical guides, dressed in period costumes, give tours of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past.My experience on the Nina helps testify (证实)my long－held belief that students stay interested, ask better questions, and engage (参与)in higher－order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process. __The_students_who_boarded_the_Nina_came as_passive_learners._They_left_as_bold_explorers.__31.What occupation is the author engaged in？ A．Shipping. B．Education.C．Ecological tourism. D．Museum administration.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“I